No one knows how much publishers make in return for providing these modest services, but we can guess. In 2017, the Association of Research Libraries surveyed its 123 member institutions and found they were paying a collective $1 billion in journal subscriptions every year. The ARL covers some of the biggest universities, but not nearly all of them, so let’s guess that number accounts for half of all university subscription spending. In 2023, the federal government estimated it paid nearly $380 million in article processing charges alone, and those are separate from subscriptions. So it wouldn’t be crazy if American universities were paying something like $2.5 billion to publishers every year, with the majority of that ultimately coming from taxpayers.
Higher prices for witches’ outfits may not cause a riot in the aisles of your local supermarket, but they do contain a lesson. Tariffs (a tax on goods) raise money for the U.S. government (bills fall due in seven to 10 days, Smeaton told me). They also push up inflation across all goods affected, from Superman outfits to fridge-freezers. Cost-of-living effects have a direct read-through to the polls.
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